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\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u064a \u0643\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0629\/\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642. <br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/aljazeeratalk.net\/upload\/3774\/1169350790.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628: Smith Adam \u0639\u0627\u0634 (1723-1790)\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646, \u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0646\u0627. \u0634\u064a\u0626 \u064a\u0624\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647.<br \/>\n\u0647\u0630\u0627 Smith Adam \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631. <br \/>\nPrice= \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631. Quantity= \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 . D=Demand=\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. S=Supply=\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n<p>q-1= Quantity-1 \u0648 q-2=Quantity-2 \u0648 p-1=Price-1 \u0648 .Price-2= p-2<br \/>\n\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629: <br \/>\n\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637\u0629 P=1 \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0643\u064a \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 P-1 \u0627\u0644\u0649 P-2 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646q-1 \u0627\u0644\u0649 q-2 .<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0645\u0627 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\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f.<br \/>\n\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644 Monetary Policy. \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647.<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644 FISCAL POLICY \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629.<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0633\u0646\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0642\u0648\u0649&#8230;.. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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&#8230;..\u0627\u0644\u062e.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644 Monetary Policy:<br \/>\n\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0644\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/aljazeeratalk.net\/upload\/3774\/1169352951.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a =Money Supply= MS \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a= MD= Money Demand<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644 i \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Interest rate)<br \/>\n\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643. \u0627\u0644 MS (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a) \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0627\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644 MD \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0643\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 (\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629) \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644 i-1 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 i-2 .<br \/>\n\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/aljazeeratalk.net\/upload\/3774\/1169328625.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644 i-1 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644 i-2 . \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644 I-1 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644 I-2 \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631.<br \/>\n\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644 Monetary Policy:<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/aljazeeratalk.net\/upload\/3774\/1169355358.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644 LM \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0644 IS \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0627\u0644 i \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627. \u0627\u0644 y \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644i-1 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644 y-1 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. <br \/>\n\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644y-1 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644y-2 .<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644 Monetary Policy .<br \/>\n\u0644\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644 FISCAL POLICY \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629: \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/aljazeeratalk.net\/upload\/3774\/1169399579.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"\" \/><br \/>\n\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0627\u064a 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